Century
20th century
The years 1901 – 2000. The atlas records 236,759 events begun in them: the most significant follow, region by region, with the realms of the age and its wonders, trade routes, faiths and great people.
- 1901 – 2000
- 236,759 events
- 14 realms
- Realms with a page of their own
- Others the atlas draws, from Cliopatria
Headlines
The most significant events, wherever they happenedAround the world
The most significant of the rest, in each regionNorth Africa
Sub-Saharan Africa
- 1994 Genocide against Tutsi7 April 1994 · Attack7 April 1994
- Nigerian Civil War1967 – 1970 · War1967 – 1970
- Somali Civil War26 January 1991 · War26 January 1991
- Second Italo-Ethiopian War1935 – 1937 · War1935 – 1937
- Second Congo War1998 – 2003 · War1998 – 2003
- Angolan Civil War1975 – 2002 · War1975 – 2002
Middle East
Europe
- Spanish Civil War1936 – 1939 · War1936 – 1939
- Battle of Stalingrad1942 – 1943 · Battle1942 – 1943
- Russian Revolution1917 · Rebellion1917
- Russian Civil War1917 – 1922 · War1917 – 1922
- October Revolution25 October 1917 · Rebellion25 October 1917
- dissolution of the Soviet Union26 December 1991 · Event26 December 1991
Central Asia
South Asia
- Great Depression1929 – 1941 · Event1929 – 1941
- Soviet-Afghan War1979 – 1989 · War1979 – 1989
- Bhopal disaster3 December 1984 · Accident3 December 1984
- partition of India15 August 1947 · War15 August 1947
- Constitution of India26 January 1950 · Event26 January 1950
- Bangladesh Liberation War26 March 1971 · War26 March 1971
East Asia
- atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki1945 · Event1945
- Cultural Revolution1966 – 1976 · Rebellion1966 – 1976
- 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre15 April 1989 · Attack15 April 1989
- renminbi1949 · Event1949
- Second Sino-Japanese War1937 – 1945 · War1937 – 1945
- Russo-Japanese War1904 – 1905 · War1904 – 1905
Southeast Asia
Mesoamerica and the Caribbean
- Cuban Missile Crisis14 October 1962 · Event14 October 1962
- Cuban Revolution1953 – 1959 · Rebellion1953 – 1959
- Mexican Revolution1910 – 1920 · War1910 – 1920
- Nicaraguan Revolution1978 – 1990 · Rebellion1978 – 1990
- Guatemalan Civil War1965 – 1996 · War1965 – 1996
- Salvadoran Civil War1979 – 1992 · War1979 – 1992
South America
- Falklands War2 April 1982 · War2 April 1982
- 1960 Valdivia earthquake21 May 1960 · Natural disaster21 May 1960
- Chilean peso29 September 1975 · Event29 September 1975
- Brazilian real1 July 1994 · Event1 July 1994
- Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia1964 – 2016 · Event1964 – 2016
- Argentine convertible peso1 January 1992 · Event1 January 1992
North America
- Attack on Pearl Harbor7 December 1941 · Battle7 December 1941
- Apollo program1961 – 1972 · Event1961 – 1972
- Time3 March 1923 · Event3 March 1923
- Pulitzer Prize4 June 1917 · Event4 June 1917
- Oklahoma City bombing19 April 1995 · Attack19 April 1995
- Stanford prison experiment14 August 1971 · Event14 August 1971
Oceania
Realms of the age
Our civilizations alive in these years, by home region. Each track is the century, its bar the realm’s years.Sub-Saharan Africa
Ethiopian Empire1270 – 1975
Kingdom of Kongo1395 – 1914
Oyo Empire1400 – 1905
Sultanate of Darfur1603 – 1916
Ashanti Empire1670 – 1902
Sokoto Caliphate1804 – 1903
Middle East
Ottoman Empire1299 – 1922
Europe
Russian Empire1721 – 1917
East Asia
Qing dynasty1616 – 1912
Southeast Asia
Aceh Sultanate1496 – 1903
Nguyen dynasty1802 – 1945
French Indochina1887 – 1954
North Vietnam1945 – 1976
South Vietnam1955 – 1975
Wonders
Being built, or standingBuilt in these years
Standing
- The Pyramids of Gizac. 2600 – 2510 BCE · Giza, Egyptc. 2600 – 2510 BCE
- The Abu Simbel Templesc. 1264 – 1244 BCE · Abu Simbel, Egyptc. 1264 – 1244 BCE
- The Obelisk of Axumc. 300 CE · Axum, Ethiopiac. 300 CE
- The Church of Saint George, Lalibelac. 1200 – 1220 · Lalibela, Ethiopiac. 1200 – 1220
- Great Zimbabwec. 1200 – 1400 · Masvingo, Zimbabwec. 1200 – 1400
- The Great Mosque of Djennéc. 1250 · Djenné, Malic. 1250
- The Ziggurat of Urc. 2100 – 2050 BCE · Nasiriyah, Iraqc. 2100 – 2050 BCE
- The Ishtar Gatec. 575 – 569 BCE · Pergamon Museum, Berlin, Germanyc. 575 – 569 BCE
- Al-Khazneh, Petrac. 1 CE · Petra, Jordanc. 1 CE
- The Dome of the Rock691 – 692 CE · Jerusalem691 – 692 CE
- Stonehengec. 2600 – 2400 BCE · Wiltshire, Englandc. 2600 – 2400 BCE
- The Parthenon447 – 432 BCE · Athens, Greece447 – 432 BCE
- The Colosseum72 – 80 CE · Rome, Italy72 – 80 CE
- Hagia Sophia532 – 537 CE · Istanbul, Turkey532 – 537 CE
- Notre-Dame de Paris1163 – 1260 · Paris, France1163 – 1260
- The Leaning Tower of Pisa1173 – 1372 · Pisa, Italy1173 – 1372
- Saint Basil's Cathedral1555 – 1561 · Moscow, Russia1555 – 1561
- The Church of the Transfiguration, Kizhi1714 · Kizhi Island, Karelia, Russia1714
- The Eiffel Tower1887 – 1889 · Paris, France1887 – 1889
- The Great Stupa at Sanchic. 250 – 50 BCE · Sanchi, Indiac. 250 – 50 BCE
- The Brihadisvara Temple1003 – 1010 · Thanjavur, India1003 – 1010
- Qutb Minar1199 – 1220 · Delhi, India1199 – 1220
- The Taj Mahal1632 – 1653 · Agra, India1632 – 1653
- The Great Wall of Chinac. 221 – 210 BCE · Mutianyu, Beijing, Chinac. 221 – 210 BCE
- The Great Buddha Hall of Tōdai-ji745 – 758 CE · Nara, Japan745 – 758 CE
- The Forbidden City1406 – 1420 · Beijing, China1406 – 1420
- Himeji Castle1601 – 1609 · Himeji, Japan1601 – 1609
- The Potala Palace1645 – 1694 · Lhasa, Tibet, China1645 – 1694
- Borobudurc. 780 – 833 CE · Magelang, Indonesiac. 780 – 833 CE
- Angkor Watc. 1113 – 1150 · Siem Reap, Cambodiac. 1113 – 1150
- The Temple of Literature1070 · Hanoi, Vietnam1070
- The Pyramid of the Sunc. 200 CE · Teotihuacan, Mexicoc. 200 CE
- Tikal Temple Ic. 734 – 745 CE · Petén, Guatemalac. 734 – 745 CE
- El Castillo, Chichén Itzác. 900 – 1000 CE · Yucatán, Mexicoc. 900 – 1000 CE
- Machu Picchuc. 1450 – 1470 · Cusco Region, Peruc. 1450 – 1470
- Monks Mound, Cahokiac. 900 – 1200 CE · Collinsville, Illinois, USAc. 900 – 1200 CE
- Parliament Hill1859 – 1866 · Ottawa, Canada1859 – 1866
- The Statue of Liberty1876 – 1884 · New York, USA1876 – 1884
- The Moai of Ahu Tongarikic. 1250 – 1500 · Rapa Nui, Chilec. 1250 – 1500
- The Royal Exhibition Building1879 – 1880 · Melbourne, Australia1879 – 1880
Trade routes
Carrying trade in these years- Panama Canal RouteOpened1914 – today · by sea and river1914 – today
- Northern Sea RouteOpened1932 – today · by sea1932 – today
- Grand Trunk Roadc. 500 BCE – today · by landc. 500 BCE – today
- Darb el-Arbaʽin (Forty Days Road)c. 200 BCE – today · by landc. 200 BCE – today
- Grand Canal609 CE – today · by river609 CE – today
- Tea Horse Roadc. 618 CE – 1949 · by landc. 618 CE – 1949
- Azalai salt caravansc. 1590 – today · by landc. 1590 – today
- Macassan trepang tradec. 1720 – 1907 · by seac. 1720 – 1907
- Tea Roadc. 1727 – 1905 · by land and riverc. 1727 – 1905
- East African caravan routec. 1830 – 1912 · by land and seac. 1830 – 1912
- Clipper Routec. 1850 – 1939 · by seac. 1850 – 1939
- Suez Canal Route1869 – today · by sea and river1869 – today
Faiths on the move
Where each faith arrived in these years- HinduismReached Leicester (c. 1968) and Houston (c. 1970)
- JudaismReached Israel (Tel Aviv) (1909)
- ZoroastrianismReached Canada (Toronto) (1971) and Los Angeles (c. 1980)
- JainismReached New York (1966) and Leicester (c. 1970)
- BuddhismReached London (1907), Nagpur (1956) and Dharamshala (1960)
- ShintoReached São Paulo (1908)
- IslamReached London (1910), Dearborn (c. 1916) and Paris (1926)
- SikhismReached Vancouver (1904), Stockton (c. 1907), London (1911) and Australia (Woolgoolga) (c. 1945)
- Bahá'í FaithReached Canada (Montreal) (1902), Australia (Sydney) (1920), Panama (Panama City) (c. 1940) and 4 more
- CaodaismBegan at Tây Ninh (1926). Reached Saigon (1926), Cambodia (Phnom Penh) (1927), Cần Thơ (c. 1931) and 4 more
Great people
Alive in these years, in the halls of the Agora of Ages- 1813 – 1901Giuseppe VerdiItalian opera; Rigoletto, Aida, OtelloComposers
- 1828 – 1910Leo TolstoyWar and Peace, Anna KareninaWriters & Poets
- 1833 – 1901Benjamin Harrison23rd president; Sherman Antitrust ActAmerican Presidents
- 1839 – 1913Tôn Thất ThuyếtRegent who led the attack on the French at Huế and the Cần Vương (1885)Vietnamese Commanders
- c. 1844 – 1926Nguyễn Thiện ThuậtLed the Bãi Sậy rising against the French (1885–1889)Vietnamese Commanders
- 1847 – 1931Thomas EdisonPhonograph, practical electric light, Menlo Park laboratoryInventors & Engineers
- 1856 – 1943Nikola TeslaAlternating current, induction motor, radioInventors & Engineers
- 1858 – 1913Hoàng Hoa ThámHeld out against the French in Yên Thế for nearly thirty years (to 1913)Vietnamese Commanders
- Rabindranath Tagore1861 – 1941 · Gitanjali1861 – 1941
- Marie Curie1867 – 1934 · Radioactivity; polonium and radium; two Nobel Prizes1867 – 1934
- Wilbur & Orville WrightWilbur 1867 – 1912; Orville 1871 – 1948 · First controlled powered flight (1903)Wilbur 1867 – 1912; Orville 1871 – 1948
- Roald Amundsen1872 – 1928 · First to reach the South Pole (1911); Northwest Passage1872 – 1928
- Albert Einstein1879 – 1955 · Relativity; photoelectric effect; E = mc²1879 – 1955
- Franklin D. Roosevelt1882 – 1945 · 32nd president; New Deal, Second World War1882 – 1945
- Niels Bohr1885 – 1962 · Quantum model of the atom1885 – 1962
- Dwight D. Eisenhower1890 – 1969 · 34th president; Supreme Allied Commander in Europe1890 – 1969
- Georgy Zhukov1896 – 1974 · Marshal of the Soviet Union; Stalingrad, Kursk, Berlin1896 – 1974
- Ronald Reagan1911 – 2004 · 40th president; end of the Cold War1911 – 2004
- Võ Nguyên Giáp1911 – 2013 · General; Điện Biên Phủ (1954)1911 – 2013
- Alan Turing1912 – 1954 · Computability, the Turing machine, Bletchley Park1912 – 1954
- Edmund Hillary & Tenzing NorgayHillary 1919 – 2008; Tenzing 1914 – 1986 · First ascent of Everest, 29 May 1953Hillary 1919 – 2008; Tenzing 1914 – 1986
- John F. Kennedy1917 – 1963 · 35th president; Apollo programme, Cuban Missile Crisis1917 – 1963
- Văn Tiến Dũng1917 – 2002 · General; commanded the 1975 offensive that took Saigon1917 – 2002
- Nguyễn Thị Định1920 – 1992 · Led the Bến Tre rising (1960); deputy commander of the Liberation Army1920 – 1992
- Gabriel García Márquez1927 – 2014 · One Hundred Years of Solitude1927 – 2014
- Neil Armstrong1930 – 2012 · First person on the Moon (1969)1930 – 2012
- Yuri Gagarin1934 – 1968 · First human in space (1961)1934 – 1968
- Tim Berners-Leeborn 1955 · Inventor of the World Wide Webborn 1955
