Century
18th century
The years 1701 – 1800. The atlas records 31,486 events begun in them: the most significant follow, region by region, with the realms of the age and its wonders, trade routes, faiths and great people.
- 1701 – 1800
- 31,486 events
- 30 realms
- Realms with a page of their own
- Others the atlas draws, from Cliopatria
Headlines
The most significant events, wherever they happened- 1789 – 1799French RevolutionRebellion · Europe
- 1792United States dollarEvent · North America
- 1775 – 1783American Revolutionary WarWar · North America
- 4 July 1776United States Declaration of IndependenceEvent · North America
- 1765 – 1783American RevolutionRebellion · North America
- 18th century – 19th centuryRomanticismEvent
- 1754 – 1763French and Indian WarWar · North America
- 1791 – 1804Haitian RevolutionRebellion · Mesoamerica and the Caribbean
Around the world
The most significant of the rest, in each regionNorth Africa
- French invasion of Egypt and Syria1798 – 1801 · War1798 – 1801
- Battle of the Nile1 August 1798 · Battle1 August 1798
- Battle of the Pyramids21 July 1798 · Battle21 July 1798
- First Battle of Abukir25 July 1799 · Battle25 July 1799
- Siege of Melilla1774 – 1775 · Siege1774 – 1775
- 1754 Al-Qahirah (Cairo) earthquakeOctober 1754 · Natural disasterOctober 1754
Sub-Saharan Africa
Middle East
- Austro-Turkish War of 1788–17911788 – 1791 · War1788 – 1791
- Battle of Krtsanisi8 September 1795 · Battle8 September 1795
- Siege of Acre20 March 1799 · Siege20 March 1799
- 1727 Tabriz earthquake18 November 1727 · Natural disaster18 November 1727
- Assassination of Nader Shah19 June 1747 · Political19 June 1747
- Ottoman–Persian War of 1730–17351730 – 1735 · War1730 – 1735
Europe
Central Asia
South Asia
- Indian independence movement1757 – 1947 · Event1757 – 1947
- Battle of Plassey23 June 1757 · Battle23 June 1757
- Great Bengal famine of 17701767 – 1773 · Natural disaster1767 – 1773
- Third Battle of Panipat14 January 1761 · Battle14 January 1761
- Anglo-Mysore wars1767 – 1799 · War1767 – 1799
- unification of Nepal1744 – 1816 · War1744 – 1816
East Asia
- Akō Incident30 January 1703 · Event30 January 1703
- Hōei eruption16 December 1707 · Natural disaster16 December 1707
- Sino-Nepalese War1788 – 1789 · War1788 – 1789
- Zunghar genocide1755 – 1758 · Attack1755 – 1758
- 1707 Hōei earthquake28 October 1707 · Natural disaster28 October 1707
- 1718 Gansu earthquake19 June 1718 · Natural disaster19 June 1718
Southeast Asia
- 1740 Batavia massacre9 October 1740 · Attack9 October 1740
- Sino-Burmese War1765 – 1769 · War1765 – 1769
- Burmese–Siamese War of 1765–17671765 – 1767 · War1765 – 1767
- British occupation of Manila1762 – 1764 · Event1762 – 1764
- Battle of Manila24 September 1762 · Battle24 September 1762
- Battle of Rạch Gầm-Xoài Mút20 January 1785 · Battle20 January 1785
Mesoamerica and the Caribbean
- Zong massacre29 November 1781 · Attack29 November 1781
- First Maroon War1728 – 1739 · War1728 – 1739
- War of the South1799 – 1800 · War1799 – 1800
- Bois Caïman14 August 1791 · Rebellion14 August 1791
- Swedish slave trade1784 – 1847 · Event1784 – 1847
- 1791 slave rebellion21 August 1791 · Rebellion21 August 1791
South America
North America
- Mexican War of Independence1800 – 1821 · War1800 – 1821
- Constitutional Convention25 May 1787 · Political25 May 1787
- Second Continental Congress1775 – 1781 · Political1775 – 1781
- Siege of Yorktown28 September 1781 · Siege28 September 1781
- Boston Massacre5 March 1770 · Attack5 March 1770
- Underground Railroad1800 – 1863 · Event1800 – 1863
Oceania
Realms of the age
Our civilizations alive in these years, by home region. Each track is the century, its bar the realm’s years.Sub-Saharan Africa
Kanem-Bornu Empire11th century – 1900
Ethiopian Empire1270 – 1975
Kingdom of Kongo1395 – 1914
Oyo Empire1400 – 1905
Sennar Sultanate1505 – 1821
Merina Kingdom1540 – 1897
Sultanate of Darfur1603 – 1916
Kingdom of Lunda1665 – 1884
Ashanti Empire1670 – 1902
Bamana Empire1712 – 1861
Middle East
Ottoman Empire1299 – 1922
Europe
Holy Roman Empire962 – 1806 CE
Russian Empire1721 – 1917
South Asia
Mughal Empire1526 – 1857
Maratha Empire1674 – 1818
Sikh Empire1733 – 1849
East Asia
Joseon1392 – 1897
Tokugawa shogunate1603 – 1867
Qing dynasty1616 – 1912
Southeast Asia
Champa192 – 1832 CE
Dai Viet1054 – 1805
Ayutthaya Kingdom1350 – 1767
Lan Xang1354 – 1707
Bruneian Sultanate1368 – 1888
Lê dynasty1428 – 1788
Aceh Sultanate1496 – 1903
Nguyễn lords1558 – 1802
Mataram Sultanate1586 – 1755
Konbaung dynasty1752 – 1885
Tây Sơn dynasty1778 – 1802
Wonders
Being built, or standingBuilt in these years
Standing
- The Pyramids of Gizac. 2600 – 2510 BCE · Giza, Egyptc. 2600 – 2510 BCE
- The Abu Simbel Templesc. 1264 – 1244 BCE · Abu Simbel, Egyptc. 1264 – 1244 BCE
- The Obelisk of Axumc. 300 CE · Axum, Ethiopiac. 300 CE
- The Church of Saint George, Lalibelac. 1200 – 1220 · Lalibela, Ethiopiac. 1200 – 1220
- Great Zimbabwec. 1200 – 1400 · Masvingo, Zimbabwec. 1200 – 1400
- The Great Mosque of Djennéc. 1250 · Djenné, Malic. 1250
- The Ziggurat of Urc. 2100 – 2050 BCE · Nasiriyah, Iraqc. 2100 – 2050 BCE
- The Ishtar Gatec. 575 – 569 BCE · Pergamon Museum, Berlin, Germanyc. 575 – 569 BCE
- Al-Khazneh, Petrac. 1 CE · Petra, Jordanc. 1 CE
- The Dome of the Rock691 – 692 CE · Jerusalem691 – 692 CE
- Stonehengec. 2600 – 2400 BCE · Wiltshire, Englandc. 2600 – 2400 BCE
- The Parthenon447 – 432 BCE · Athens, Greece447 – 432 BCE
- The Colosseum72 – 80 CE · Rome, Italy72 – 80 CE
- Hagia Sophia532 – 537 CE · Istanbul, Turkey532 – 537 CE
- Notre-Dame de Paris1163 – 1260 · Paris, France1163 – 1260
- The Leaning Tower of Pisa1173 – 1372 · Pisa, Italy1173 – 1372
- Saint Basil's Cathedral1555 – 1561 · Moscow, Russia1555 – 1561
- The Great Stupa at Sanchic. 250 – 50 BCE · Sanchi, Indiac. 250 – 50 BCE
- The Brihadisvara Temple1003 – 1010 · Thanjavur, India1003 – 1010
- Qutb Minar1199 – 1220 · Delhi, India1199 – 1220
- The Taj Mahal1632 – 1653 · Agra, India1632 – 1653
- The Great Wall of Chinac. 221 – 210 BCE · Mutianyu, Beijing, Chinac. 221 – 210 BCE
- The Great Buddha Hall of Tōdai-ji745 – 758 CE · Nara, Japan745 – 758 CE
- The Forbidden City1406 – 1420 · Beijing, China1406 – 1420
- Himeji Castle1601 – 1609 · Himeji, Japan1601 – 1609
- The Potala Palace1645 – 1694 · Lhasa, Tibet, China1645 – 1694
- Borobudurc. 780 – 833 CE · Magelang, Indonesiac. 780 – 833 CE
- Angkor Watc. 1113 – 1150 · Siem Reap, Cambodiac. 1113 – 1150
- The Temple of Literature1070 · Hanoi, Vietnam1070
- The Pyramid of the Sunc. 200 CE · Teotihuacan, Mexicoc. 200 CE
- Tikal Temple Ic. 734 – 745 CE · Petén, Guatemalac. 734 – 745 CE
- El Castillo, Chichén Itzác. 900 – 1000 CE · Yucatán, Mexicoc. 900 – 1000 CE
- Machu Picchuc. 1450 – 1470 · Cusco Region, Peruc. 1450 – 1470
- Monks Mound, Cahokiac. 900 – 1200 CE · Collinsville, Illinois, USAc. 900 – 1200 CE
- The Moai of Ahu Tongarikic. 1250 – 1500 · Rapa Nui, Chilec. 1250 – 1500
Trade routes
Carrying trade in these years- Macassan trepang tradeOpenedc. 1720 – 1907 · by seac. 1720 – 1907
- Tea RoadOpenedc. 1727 – 1905 · by land and riverc. 1727 – 1905
- Canton tradeOpened1757 – 1842 · by sea and river1757 – 1842
- Maritime fur tradeOpenedc. 1785 – 1840 · by sea and riverc. 1785 – 1840
- Grand Trunk Roadc. 500 BCE – today · by landc. 500 BCE – today
- Trans-Saharan tradec. 500 BCE – 1900 CE · by land and riverc. 500 BCE – 1900 CE
- Darb el-Arbaʽin (Forty Days Road)c. 200 BCE – today · by landc. 200 BCE – today
- Grand Canal609 CE – today · by river609 CE – today
- Tea Horse Roadc. 618 CE – 1949 · by landc. 618 CE – 1949
- Via Regiac. 800 CE – 1815 · by landc. 800 CE – 1815
- Baltic grain tradec. 1400 – 1800 · by sea and riverc. 1400 – 1800
- Carreira da Índiac. 1497 – 1800 · by seac. 1497 – 1800
- Atlantic slave trade1525 – 1867 · by sea1525 – 1867
- Potosí silver roadc. 1545 – 1740 · by land and seac. 1545 – 1740
- Manila galleons1565 – 1815 · by land and sea1565 – 1815
- Spanish treasure fleet1566 – 1790 · by sea and river1566 – 1790
- Levant Company trade1581 – 1825 · by land and sea1581 – 1825
- Azalai salt caravansc. 1590 – today · by landc. 1590 – today
- Camino Real de Tierra Adentro1598 – 1882 · by land1598 – 1882
- East India Company Route1601 – 1833 · by sea1601 – 1833
- Canadian fur trade routesc. 1610 – 1880 · by sea and riverc. 1610 – 1880
- Dutch East India Company Route1611 – 1799 · by sea1611 – 1799
- Estrada Realc. 1697 – 1822 · by land and seac. 1697 – 1822
Faiths on the move
Where each faith arrived in these yearsGreat people
Alive in these years, in the halls of the Agora of Ages- 1642 – 1727Isaac NewtonLaws of motion and gravitation; calculus; opticsScientists
- 1654 – 1722Kangxi EmperorQing emperor 1661–1722; longest-reigning Chinese emperorChinese Emperors & Sages
- 1685 – 1750Johann Sebastian BachBaroque master; fugues, cantatas, the PassionsComposers
- 1685 – 1759George Frideric HandelOratorios and operas; MessiahComposers
- 1728 – 1779James CookCharted the Pacific, New Zealand and eastern AustraliaExplorers
- 1732 – 1799George Washington1st president; commander of the Continental ArmyAmerican Presidents
- 1732 – 1809Joseph Haydn'Father of the symphony' and of the string quartetComposers
- 1736 – 1819James WattImproved steam engine; the Industrial RevolutionInventors & Engineers
- Johann Wolfgang von Goethe1749 – 1832 · Faust, The Sorrows of Young Werther1749 – 1832
- James Madison1751 – 1836 · 4th president; father of the Constitution and the Bill of Rights1751 – 1836
- Quang Trung1753 – 1792 · Tây Sơn emperor; victory of Ngọc Hồi–Đống Đa (1789)1753 – 1792
- Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart1756 – 1791 · Operas, symphonies, concertos; Requiem1756 – 1791
- Trần Quang Diệu1760 – 1802 · One of the Tây Sơn's 'Seven Tiger Generals'; besieged Quy Nhơn (1799–1801)1760 – 1802
- Lê Văn Duyệtc. 1763 – 1832 · Nguyễn Ánh's marshal in the Tây Sơn wars; later viceroy of Gia Địnhc. 1763 – 1832
- Andrew Jackson1767 – 1845 · 7th president; general at New Orleans; Indian Removal Act1767 – 1845
- Alexander von Humboldt1769 – 1859 · Scientific exploration of the Americas; biogeography1769 – 1859
- Napoleon Bonaparte1769 – 1821 · Emperor of the French; Austerlitz, the Napoleonic Code1769 – 1821
- Ludwig van Beethoven1770 – 1827 · Nine symphonies; bridge from Classical to Romantic1770 – 1827
- Michael Faraday1791 – 1867 · Electromagnetic induction; electrochemistry1791 – 1867
- Charles Babbage1791 – 1871 · Difference and Analytical Engines1791 – 1871
- Franz Schubert1797 – 1828 · Lieder, symphonies, chamber music1797 – 1828
- Nguyễn Tri Phương1800 – 1873 · Commanded against the French at Đà Nẵng (1858), Saigon (1861) and Hà Nội (1873)1800 – 1873
