Century
15th century
The years 1401 – 1500. The atlas records 11,111 events begun in them: the most significant follow, region by region, with the realms of the age and its wonders, trade routes, faiths and great people.
- 1401 – 1500
- 11,111 events
- 40 realms
- Realms with a page of their own
- Others the atlas draws, from Cliopatria
Headlines
The most significant events, wherever they happened- 6 April 1453Fall of ConstantinopleSiege · Middle East
- 1492European colonization of the AmericasEvent
- 15 July 1410Battle of GrunwaldBattle · Europe
- 7 June 1494Treaty of TordesillasTreaty · Europe
- 1455 – 1487Wars of the RosesWar · Europe
- 1494 – 1559Italian WarsWar · Europe
- 25 October 1415Battle of AgincourtBattle · Europe
- 12 October 1492first arrival of Christopher Columbus to AmericaEvent · Mesoamerica and the Caribbean
Around the world
The most significant of the rest, in each regionNorth Africa
- Conquest of the Canary Islands1402 – 1496 · Event1402 – 1496
- Conquest of Melilla17 September 1497 · Event17 September 1497
- 1457 Palestine earthquake1457 · Natural disaster1457
- Conquest of Asilah24 August 1471 · Battle24 August 1471
- Destruction of Lighthouse of Alexandria1480 · Collapse1480
- Battle of Tangier13 September 1437 · Battle13 September 1437
Sub-Saharan Africa
Middle East
- Battle of Ankara20 July 1402 · Battle20 July 1402
- Skanderbeg's rebellion1443 – 1468 · Rebellion1443 – 1468
- Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War1493 – 1593 · War1493 – 1593
- Battle of Otlukbeli11 August 1473 · Battle11 August 1473
- Siege of Rhodes1480 · Siege1480
- 1458 Erzincan earthquake1458 · Natural disaster1458
Europe
- Spanish Golden Age1492 – 1681 · Event1492 – 1681
- Hussite Wars1419 – 1434 · War1419 – 1434
- Battle of Bosworth Field22 August 1485 · Battle22 August 1485
- Early Netherlandish painting1420s – 1560s · Event1420s – 1560s
- Great stand on the Ugra river1480 · Battle1480
- Council of Constance1414 – 1418 · Political1414 – 1418
Central Asia
South Asia
East Asia
- Ōnin War1467 – 1477 · War1467 – 1477
- Treasure Voyages1405 – 1433 · Exploration1405 – 1433
- 1498 Meiō earthquake20 September 1498 · Natural disaster20 September 1498
- Tumu Crisis1 September 1449 · Battle1 September 1449
- 1500 Yunnan earthquake4 January 1500 · Natural disaster4 January 1500
- 1499 Yunnan earthquake1499 · Natural disaster1499
Southeast Asia
Mesoamerica and the Caribbean
South America
North America
Oceania
Realms of the age
Our civilizations alive in these years, by home region. Each track is the century, its bar the realm’s years.Sub-Saharan Africa
Kingdom of Makuria5th century – 1518 CE
Alodia6th century – 1504 CE
Kanem-Bornu Empire11th century – 1900
Mali Empire1235 – 1670
Ethiopian Empire1270 – 1975
Kingdom of Kongo1395 – 1914
Oyo Empire1400 – 1905
Adal Sultanate1415 – 1577
Songhai Empire1464 – 1591
Middle East
Ottoman Empire1299 – 1922
Europe
Roman Empire27 BCE – 1453 CE
Byzantine Empire285 – 1453 CE
Holy Roman Empire962 – 1806 CE
Central Asia
Golden Horde1243 – 1502
Timurid Empire1370 – 1507
South Asia
Delhi Sultanate1206 – 1526
Vijayanagara Empire1336 – 1646
Bahmani Sultanate1347 – 1527
Sultanate of Bengal1352 – 1576
East Asia
Ming dynasty1368 – 1644
Joseon1392 – 1897
Southeast Asia
Champa192 – 1832 CE
Khmer Empire802 – 1431 CE
Dai Viet1054 – 1805
Sukhothai Kingdom1238 – 1438
Hanthawaddy Kingdom1287 – 1552
Majapahit1293 – 1527
Ayutthaya Kingdom1350 – 1767
Lan Xang1354 – 1707
Ava Kingdom1364 – 1555
Bruneian Sultanate1368 – 1888
Malacca sultanate1400 – 1511
Hồ dynasty1400 – 1407
Lê dynasty1428 – 1788
Aceh Sultanate1496 – 1903
Mesoamerica and the Caribbean
Maya2nd millennium BCE – 1521 CE · culture sphere
Zapotec700 BCE – 1521 CE
Aztec Empire1325 – 1521
South America
Chimor850s – 1470s CE
Inca Empire1438 – 1572
Wonders
Being built, or standingBuilt in these years
Standing
- The Pyramids of Gizac. 2600 – 2510 BCE · Giza, Egyptc. 2600 – 2510 BCE
- The Abu Simbel Templesc. 1264 – 1244 BCE · Abu Simbel, Egyptc. 1264 – 1244 BCE
- The Lighthouse of Alexandriac. 292 – 280 BCE · Alexandria, Egyptc. 292 – 280 BCE
- The Obelisk of Axumc. 300 CE · Axum, Ethiopiac. 300 CE
- The Church of Saint George, Lalibelac. 1200 – 1220 · Lalibela, Ethiopiac. 1200 – 1220
- Great Zimbabwec. 1200 – 1400 · Masvingo, Zimbabwec. 1200 – 1400
- The Great Mosque of Djennéc. 1250 · Djenné, Malic. 1250
- The Ziggurat of Urc. 2100 – 2050 BCE · Nasiriyah, Iraqc. 2100 – 2050 BCE
- The Ishtar Gatec. 575 – 569 BCE · Pergamon Museum, Berlin, Germanyc. 575 – 569 BCE
- The Mausoleum at Halicarnassusc. 353 – 351 BCE · Bodrum, Turkeyc. 353 – 351 BCE
- Al-Khazneh, Petrac. 1 CE · Petra, Jordanc. 1 CE
- The Dome of the Rock691 – 692 CE · Jerusalem691 – 692 CE
- Stonehengec. 2600 – 2400 BCE · Wiltshire, Englandc. 2600 – 2400 BCE
- The Parthenon447 – 432 BCE · Athens, Greece447 – 432 BCE
- The Colosseum72 – 80 CE · Rome, Italy72 – 80 CE
- Hagia Sophia532 – 537 CE · Istanbul, Turkey532 – 537 CE
- Notre-Dame de Paris1163 – 1260 · Paris, France1163 – 1260
- The Leaning Tower of Pisa1173 – 1372 · Pisa, Italy1173 – 1372
- The Great Stupa at Sanchic. 250 – 50 BCE · Sanchi, Indiac. 250 – 50 BCE
- The Brihadisvara Temple1003 – 1010 · Thanjavur, India1003 – 1010
- Qutb Minar1199 – 1220 · Delhi, India1199 – 1220
- The Great Wall of Chinac. 221 – 210 BCE · Mutianyu, Beijing, Chinac. 221 – 210 BCE
- The Great Buddha Hall of Tōdai-ji745 – 758 CE · Nara, Japan745 – 758 CE
- Borobudurc. 780 – 833 CE · Magelang, Indonesiac. 780 – 833 CE
- Angkor Watc. 1113 – 1150 · Siem Reap, Cambodiac. 1113 – 1150
- The Temple of Literature1070 · Hanoi, Vietnam1070
- The Pyramid of the Sunc. 200 CE · Teotihuacan, Mexicoc. 200 CE
- Tikal Temple Ic. 734 – 745 CE · Petén, Guatemalac. 734 – 745 CE
- El Castillo, Chichén Itzác. 900 – 1000 CE · Yucatán, Mexicoc. 900 – 1000 CE
- Monks Mound, Cahokiac. 900 – 1200 CE · Collinsville, Illinois, USAc. 900 – 1200 CE
Trade routes
Carrying trade in these years- Aztec pochteca routesOpenedc. 1428 – 1521 · by landc. 1428 – 1521
- Qhapaq Ñan (Inca roads)Openedc. 1438 – 1533 · by landc. 1438 – 1533
- Carreira da ÍndiaOpenedc. 1497 – 1800 · by seac. 1497 – 1800
- Via Marisc. 3000 BCE – 1516 CE · by landc. 3000 BCE – 1516 CE
- Grand Trunk Roadc. 500 BCE – today · by landc. 500 BCE – today
- Trans-Saharan tradec. 500 BCE – 1900 CE · by land and riverc. 500 BCE – 1900 CE
- Maritime Silk Roadc. 200 BCE – 1500 CE · by sea and riverc. 200 BCE – 1500 CE
- Darb el-Arbaʽin (Forty Days Road)c. 200 BCE – today · by landc. 200 BCE – today
- Via Egnatiac. 146 BCE – 1453 CE · by landc. 146 BCE – 1453 CE
- Silk Roadc. 130 BCE – 1453 CE · by landc. 130 BCE – 1453 CE
- Grand Canal609 CE – today · by river609 CE – today
- Tea Horse Roadc. 618 CE – 1949 · by landc. 618 CE – 1949
- Via Regiac. 800 CE – 1815 · by landc. 800 CE – 1815
- Maya coastal canoe tradec. 800 CE – 1525 · by seac. 800 CE – 1525
- Swahili coast tradec. 900 CE – 1500 · by land and seac. 900 CE – 1500
- Old Salt Routec. 1150 – 1600 · by land and riverc. 1150 – 1600
- Hanseatic tradec. 1159 – 1669 · by land, sea and riverc. 1159 – 1669
- Spice tradec. 1200 – 1500 · by land, sea and riverc. 1200 – 1500
- Genoese Black Sea tradec. 1266 – 1475 · by seac. 1266 – 1475
- Venetian galley convoysc. 1315 – 1533 · by seac. 1315 – 1533
- Ryukyu tradec. 1372 – 1570 · by sea and riverc. 1372 – 1570
- Baltic grain tradec. 1400 – 1800 · by sea and riverc. 1400 – 1800
Faiths on the move
Where each faith arrived in these years- JudaismReached Thessaloniki (1492) and Lithuania (Vilnius) (c. 1500)
- JainismReached Ranakpur (1437)
- ChristianityReached Kongo (Mbanza Kongo) (1491) and Hispaniola (Santo Domingo) (c. 1496)
- IslamReached Malacca (c. 1414), Istanbul (1453), Bosnia (Sarajevo) (1461) and 3 more
- SikhismBegan at Sultanpur Lodhi (c. 1499)
Great people
Alive in these years, in the halls of the Agora of Ages- 1360 – 1424Yongle EmperorMing emperor 1402–1424; built the Forbidden City, sent Zheng He's fleetsChinese Emperors & Sages
- 1371 – 1433Zheng HeAdmiral of the Ming treasure fleetsExplorers
- 1373 – 1414Đặng DungGeneral of the Later Trần against the Ming occupation (1409–1413)Vietnamese Commanders
- 1377 – 1446Filippo BrunelleschiArchitect of the Florence Cathedral dome; linear perspectiveRenaissance Masters
- 1382 – 1448Nguyễn ChíchLam Sơn general who urged the turn south to Nghệ An against the MingVietnamese Commanders
- 1385 – 1433Lê LợiLeader of the Lam Sơn uprising; founded the Later Lê dynasty (1428)Vietnamese Commanders
- c. 1386 – 1466DonatelloSculptor; bronze DavidRenaissance Masters
- c. 1390 – 1441Jan van EyckEarly Netherlandish painter; Ghent AltarpieceRenaissance Masters
- Nguyễn Xí1397 – 1465 · Lam Sơn general against the Ming; later a minister of the Lê1397 – 1465
- Johannes Gutenbergc. 1400 – 1468 · Movable-type printing pressc. 1400 – 1468
- Sandro Botticellic. 1445 – 1510 · Painter; The Birth of Venus, Primaverac. 1445 – 1510
- Christopher Columbus1451 – 1506 · Transatlantic voyages of 1492–15041451 – 1506
- Leonardo da Vinci1452 – 1519 · Painter, engineer, polymath; Mona Lisa, The Last Supper1452 – 1519
- Vasco da Gamac. 1469 – 1524 · First sea route from Europe to India (1498); buried at Jerónimosc. 1469 – 1524
- Albrecht Dürer1471 – 1528 · Painter and printmaker of the German Renaissance1471 – 1528
- Michelangelo1475 – 1564 · Sculptor, painter, architect; David, the Sistine ceiling, St Peter's dome1475 – 1564
- Ferdinand Magellan1480 – 1521 · Led the first circumnavigation expedition1480 – 1521
- Raphael1483 – 1520 · Painter and architect; The School of Athens1483 – 1520
- Titianc. 1488 – 1576 · Venetian painter; master of colourc. 1488 – 1576
