Who ruled here?
Places
363 cities and historic sites, and every realm whose borders held each of them, from the first borders drawn to today. Any other spot: click it on the atlas.
North Africa
21- CairoCity · Egypt
- AlexandriaCity · Egypt
- MemphisHistoric site · Egypt
- LuxorCity · Egypt
- GizaCity · Egypt
- AswanCity · Egypt
- AmarnaHistoric site · Egypt
- CarthageHistoric site · Tunisia
- TunisCity · Tunisia
- KairouanCity · Tunisia
- FezCity · Morocco
- MarrakeshCity · Morocco
- RabatCity · Morocco
- TangierCity · Morocco
- TlemcenCity · Algeria
- AlgiersCity · Algeria
- TripoliCity · Libya
- Leptis MagnaHistoric site · Libya
- CyreneHistoric site · Libya
- KhartoumCity · Sudan
- MeroëHistoric site · Sudan
Sub-Saharan Africa
31- TimbuktuCity · Mali
- DjennéCity · Mali
- GaoCity · Mali
- Koumbi SalehHistoric site · Mauritania
- KanoCity · Nigeria
- Benin CityCity · Nigeria
- IfeCity · Nigeria
- AbomeyCity · Benin
- KumasiCity · Ghana
- ElminaCity · Ghana
- AccraCity · Ghana
- LagosCity · Nigeria
- DakarCity · Senegal
- Saint-LouisCity · Mauritania
- GoréeHistoric site · Senegal
- AxumCity · Ethiopia
- LalibelaCity · Ethiopia
- GondarCity · Ethiopia
- Addis AbabaCity · Ethiopia
- HararCity · Ethiopia
- MogadishuCity · Somalia
- LamuCity · Kenya
- MombasaCity · Kenya
- ZanzibarCity · Tanzania
- Kilwa KisiwaniHistoric site · Tanzania
- Great ZimbabweHistoric site · Zimbabwe
- Cape TownCity · South Africa
- LuandaCity · Angola
- M'banza-KongoCity · Angola
- KinshasaCity · Democratic Republic of the Congo
- AntananarivoCity · Madagascar
Middle East
48- JerusalemCity · Palestine
- BabylonHistoric site · Iraq
- BaghdadCity · Iraq
- DamascusCity · Syria
- AleppoCity · Syria
- AntakyaCity · Turkey
- IstanbulCity · Turkey
- AnkaraCity · Turkey
- TroyHistoric site · Turkey
- EphesusHistoric site · Turkey
- PergamonHistoric site · Turkey
- SardisHistoric site · Turkey
- HattusaHistoric site · Turkey
- KonyaCity · Turkey
- BursaCity · Turkey
- İznikCity · Turkey
- TrabzonCity · Turkey
- MeccaCity · Saudi Arabia
- MedinaCity · Saudi Arabia
- RiyadhCity · Saudi Arabia
- SanaaCity · Yemen
- AdenCity · Yemen
- MuscatCity · Oman
- IsfahanCity · Iran
- TehranCity · Iran
- TabrizCity · Iran
- ShirazCity · Iran
- PersepolisHistoric site · Iran
- SusaHistoric site · Iran
- CtesiphonHistoric site · Iraq
- UrHistoric site · Iraq
- UrukHistoric site · Iraq
- NinevehHistoric site · Iraq
- MosulCity · Iraq
- SamarraCity · Iraq
- BasraCity · Iraq
- PetraHistoric site · Jordan
- PalmyraHistoric site · Syria
- TyreCity · Lebanon
- ByblosCity · Lebanon
- BeirutCity · Lebanon
- JerichoCity · Palestine
- AcreCity · Israel
- NicosiaCity · Northern Cyprus
- TbilisiCity · Georgia
- YerevanCity · Armenia
- BakuCity · Azerbaijan
- RhodesCity · Greece
Europe
78- RomeCity · Italy
- AthensCity · Greece
- SpartaHistoric site · Greece
- KnossosHistoric site · Greece
- MycenaeHistoric site · Greece
- DelphiHistoric site · Greece
- ThessalonikiCity · Greece
- ParisCity · France
- VersaillesCity · France
- LondonCity · United Kingdom
- MadridCity · Spain
- LisbonCity · Portugal
- ToledoCity · Spain
- CórdobaCity · Spain
- GranadaCity · Spain
- SevilleCity · Spain
- BarcelonaCity · Spain
- Santiago de CompostelaCity · Spain
- VeniceCity · Italy
- FlorenceCity · Italy
- MilanCity · Italy
- NaplesCity · Italy
- RavennaCity · Italy
- PompeiiHistoric site · Italy
- SyracuseCity · Italy
- PalermoCity · Italy
- GenoaCity · Italy
- BolognaCity · Italy
- VallettaCity · Malta
- ViennaCity · Austria
- PragueCity · Czechia
- BudapestCity · Hungary
- KrakówCity · Poland
- WarsawCity · Poland
- BerlinCity · Germany
- AachenCity · Germany
- CologneCity · Germany
- TrierCity · Germany
- MunichCity · Germany
- StrasbourgCity · France
- HamburgCity · Germany
- LübeckCity · Germany
- GdańskCity · Poland
- KaliningradCity · Russia
- AmsterdamCity · Netherlands
- BrusselsCity · Belgium
- BrugesCity · Belgium
- CopenhagenCity · Denmark
- StockholmCity · Sweden
- UppsalaCity · Sweden
- OsloCity · Norway
- TrondheimCity · Norway
- ReykjavíkCity · Iceland
- DublinCity · Ireland
- EdinburghCity · United Kingdom
- YorkCity · United Kingdom
- CanterburyCity · United Kingdom
- MarseilleCity · France
- LyonCity · France
- AvignonCity · France
- ReimsCity · France
- OrléansCity · France
- ToulouseCity · France
- GenevaCity · Switzerland
- Veliky NovgorodCity · Russia
- KyivCity · Ukraine
- LvivCity · Ukraine
- MoscowCity · Russia
- Saint PetersburgCity · Russia
- KazanCity · Russia
- VilniusCity · Lithuania
- RigaCity · Latvia
- TallinnCity · Estonia
- BelgradeCity · Serbia
- SofiaCity · Bulgaria
- BucharestCity · Romania
- DubrovnikCity · Croatia
- SplitCity · Croatia
Central Asia
13- SamarkandCity · Uzbekistan
- BukharaCity · Uzbekistan
- KhivaCity · Uzbekistan
- MervHistoric site · Turkmenistan
- Konye-UrgenchHistoric site · Turkmenistan
- TashkentCity · Uzbekistan
- OtrarHistoric site · Kazakhstan
- NisaHistoric site · Turkmenistan
- TurkistanCity · Kazakhstan
- KokandCity · Uzbekistan
- AlmatyCity · Kazakhstan
- KarakorumHistoric site · Mongolia
- UlaanbaatarCity · Mongolia
South Asia
34- TermezCity · Uzbekistan
- DelhiCity · India
- AgraCity · India
- LahoreCity · Pakistan
- Mohenjo-daroHistoric site · Pakistan
- HarappaHistoric site · Pakistan
- PatnaCity · India
- VaranasiCity · India
- KolkataCity · India
- MumbaiCity · India
- ChennaiCity · India
- HampiHistoric site · India
- ThanjavurCity · India
- MaduraiCity · India
- KanchipuramCity · India
- Old GoaHistoric site · India
- KozhikodeCity · India
- HyderabadCity · India
- UjjainCity · India
- TaxilaHistoric site · Pakistan
- PeshawarCity · Pakistan
- MultanCity · Pakistan
- AmritsarCity · India
- KabulCity · Afghanistan
- KandaharCity · Afghanistan
- HeratCity · Afghanistan
- BalkhCity · Afghanistan
- KathmanduCity · Nepal
- LumbiniHistoric site · Nepal
- Bodh GayaCity · India
- AnuradhapuraCity · Sri Lanka
- KandyCity · Sri Lanka
- ColomboCity · Sri Lanka
- DhakaCity · Bangladesh
East Asia
32- BeijingCity · China
- Xi'anCity · China
- LuoyangCity · China
- KaifengCity · China
- HangzhouCity · China
- NanjingCity · China
- YinxuHistoric site · China
- GuangzhouCity · China
- ShanghaiCity · China
- ChengduCity · China
- DunhuangCity · China
- LhasaCity · China
- KashgarCity · China
- Hong KongCity · Hong Kong
- MacauCity · Macau
- TaipeiCity · Taiwan
- TainanCity · Taiwan
- QuanzhouCity · China
- YangzhouCity · China
- ShenyangCity · China
- KyotoCity · Japan
- NaraCity · Japan
- TokyoCity · Japan
- OsakaCity · Japan
- KamakuraCity · Japan
- NagasakiCity · Japan
- HiroshimaCity · Japan
- NahaCity · Japan
- SeoulCity · South Korea
- GyeongjuCity · South Korea
- PyongyangCity · North Korea
- KaesongCity · North Korea
Southeast Asia
45- HanoiCity · Vietnam
- HuếCity · Vietnam
- Hội AnCity · Vietnam
- Ho Chi Minh CityCity · Vietnam
- Da NangCity · Vietnam
- Cổ LoaHistoric site · Vietnam
- Hoa LưHistoric site · Vietnam
- Mỹ SơnHistoric site · Vietnam
- HaiphongCity · Vietnam
- Nha TrangCity · Vietnam
- Quy NhonCity · Vietnam
- Phan Rang–Tháp ChàmCity · Vietnam
- Óc EoHistoric site · Vietnam
- Điện Biên PhủCity · Vietnam
- Cần ThơCity · Vietnam
- Thanh HóaCity · Vietnam
- Citadel of the Hồ DynastyHistoric site · Vietnam
- VinhCity · Vietnam
- Lạng SơnCity · Vietnam
- Hà TiênCity · Vietnam
- Hưng YênCity · Vietnam
- Quảng TrịCity · Vietnam
- Biên HòaCity · Vietnam
- AngkorHistoric site · Cambodia
- Phnom PenhCity · Cambodia
- BangkokCity · Thailand
- AyutthayaCity · Thailand
- SukhothaiCity · Thailand
- Chiang MaiCity · Thailand
- VientianeCity · Laos
- Luang PrabangCity · Laos
- YangonCity · Myanmar
- MandalayCity · Myanmar
- BaganHistoric site · Myanmar
- BagoCity · Myanmar
- MalaccaCity · Malaysia
- SingaporeCity · Singapore
- JakartaCity · Indonesia
- YogyakartaCity · Indonesia
- PalembangCity · Indonesia
- TrowulanHistoric site · Indonesia
- ManilaCity · Philippines
- CebuCity · Philippines
- Banda AcehCity · Indonesia
- Bandar Seri BegawanCity · Brunei
Mesoamerica and the Caribbean
18- Mexico CityCity · Mexico
- TeotihuacanHistoric site · Mexico
- Monte AlbánHistoric site · Mexico
- Chichen ItzaHistoric site · Mexico
- TikalHistoric site · Guatemala
- PalenqueHistoric site · Mexico
- CopánHistoric site · Honduras
- TulaHistoric site · Mexico
- CholulaCity · Mexico
- OaxacaCity · Mexico
- MéridaCity · Mexico
- Antigua GuatemalaCity · Guatemala
- HavanaCity · Cuba
- Santo DomingoCity · Dominican Republic
- Cap-HaïtienCity · Haiti
- San JuanCity · Puerto Rico
- Panama CityCity · Panama
- VeracruzCity · Mexico
South America
20- CuscoCity · Peru
- Machu PicchuHistoric site · Peru
- LimaCity · Peru
- CajamarcaCity · Peru
- Chan ChanHistoric site · Peru
- CaralHistoric site · Peru
- QuitoCity · Ecuador
- BogotáCity · Colombia
- CartagenaCity · Colombia
- CaracasCity · Venezuela
- PotosíCity · Bolivia
- La PazCity · Bolivia
- TiwanakuHistoric site · Bolivia
- SantiagoCity · Chile
- Buenos AiresCity · Argentina
- MontevideoCity · Uruguay
- AsunciónCity · Paraguay
- Rio de JaneiroCity · Brazil
- SalvadorCity · Brazil
- Ouro PretoCity · Brazil
North America
15- New YorkCity · United States
- Washington, D.C.City · United States
- BostonCity · United States
- PhiladelphiaCity · United States
- JamestownHistoric site · United States
- St. AugustineCity · United States
- Quebec CityCity · Canada
- MontrealCity · Canada
- CahokiaHistoric site · United States
- Santa FeCity · United States
- New OrleansCity · United States
- ChicagoCity · United States
- San FranciscoCity · United States
- Los AngelesCity · United States
- HonoluluCity · United States