Century
5th century BCE
The years 500 – 401 BCE. The atlas records 291 events begun in them: the most significant follow, region by region, with the realms of the age and its wonders, trade routes, faiths and great people.
- 500 – 401 BCE
- 291 events
- 7 realms
- Realms with a page of their own
- Others the atlas draws, from Cliopatria
Headlines
The most significant events, wherever they happened- 480 BCEBattle of ThermopylaeBattle · Europe
- 431 – 404 BCEPeloponnesian WarWar · Europe
- 499 – 449 BCEGreco-Persian WarsWar · Europe
- 490 BCEBattle of MarathonBattle · Europe
- 480 BCEBattle of SalamisBattle · Europe
- 5th century BCEdeep fryingEvent
- 458 BCEdeus ex machinaEvent
- 27 August 479 BCEBattle of PlataeaBattle · Europe
Around the world
The most significant of the rest, in each regionNorth Africa
Middle East
Europe
- Second Persian invasion of Greece480 – 479 BCE · War480 – 479 BCE
- Sicilian Expedition415 – 413 BCE · War415 – 413 BCE
- Plague of Athens430 – 426 BCE · Epidemic430 – 426 BCE
- First Persian invasion of Greece492 – 490 BCE · War492 – 490 BCE
- Battle of Artemisium480 BCE · Battle480 BCE
- Wars of the Delian League477 – 449 BCE · War477 – 449 BCE
South Asia
- Founding of Termez498 BCE · Founding498 BCE
- Founding of Pataliputra490 BCE · Founding490 BCE
- Fall of Kosala5th century BCE · Collapse5th century BCE
- Fall of Anga Kingdom5th century BCE · Collapse5th century BCE
- Fall of Videha5th century BCE · Collapse5th century BCE
- Construction of Ranikot Fort450 BCE · Construction450 BCE
East Asia
South America
Realms of the age
Our civilizations alive in these years, by home region. Each track is the century, its bar the realm’s years.North Africa
Ancient Carthage814 – 146 BCE
Sub-Saharan Africa
Kingdom of Kush2180 BCE – 350 CE
Middle East
Achaemenid Empire550 – 330 BCE
Europe
Roman Republic509 – 27 BCE
East Asia
Zhou dynasty11th century – 256 BCE
Mesoamerica and the Caribbean
Wonders
Being built, or standingBuilt in these years
Standing
- The Pyramids of Gizac. 2600 – 2510 BCE · Giza, Egyptc. 2600 – 2510 BCE
- The Abu Simbel Templesc. 1264 – 1244 BCE · Abu Simbel, Egyptc. 1264 – 1244 BCE
- The Ziggurat of Urc. 2100 – 2050 BCE · Nasiriyah, Iraqc. 2100 – 2050 BCE
- The Ishtar Gatec. 575 – 569 BCE · Pergamon Museum, Berlin, Germanyc. 575 – 569 BCE
- The Hanging Gardens of Babylonc. 600 BCE · Babylon, Iraqc. 600 BCE
- The Temple of Artemis at Ephesusc. 550 BCE · Selçuk, Turkeyc. 550 BCE
- Stonehengec. 2600 – 2400 BCE · Wiltshire, Englandc. 2600 – 2400 BCE
Trade routes
Carrying trade in these years- Royal RoadOpenedc. 500 BCE – 330 BCE · by landc. 500 BCE – 330 BCE
- Grand Trunk RoadOpenedc. 500 BCE – today · by landc. 500 BCE – today
- Trans-Saharan tradeOpenedc. 500 BCE – 1900 CE · by land and riverc. 500 BCE – 1900 CE
- Via Marisc. 3000 BCE – 1516 CE · by landc. 3000 BCE – 1516 CE
- Steppe Routec. 2000 BCE – 600 CE · by landc. 2000 BCE – 600 CE
- Phoenician sea tradec. 1200 BCE – 332 BCE · by seac. 1200 BCE – 332 BCE
- King's Highwayc. 1200 BCE – 636 CE · by landc. 1200 BCE – 636 CE
- Incense Routec. 700 BCE – 200 CE · by land and seac. 700 BCE – 200 CE
- Tin route through Gaulc. 600 BCE – 51 BCE · by land and seac. 600 BCE – 51 BCE
Faiths on the move
Where each faith arrived in these yearsGreat people
Alive in these years, in the halls of the Agora of Ages- c. 570 – 495 BCEPythagorasMathematics, harmony, the Pythagorean schoolGreek Philosophers
- 551 – 479 BCEConfuciusPhilosopher; the Analects; foundation of Chinese ethicsChinese Emperors & Sages
- c. 544 – 496 BCE (traditional)Sun TzuStrategist; 'The Art of War'Chinese Emperors & Sages
- c. 535 – 475 BCEHeraclitus'Everything flows'; the logosGreek Philosophers
- c. 470 – 399 BCESocratesAthenian philosopher; the Socratic methodGreek Philosophers
- c. 460 – 370 BCEDemocritusAtomic theory of matterGreek Philosophers
- c. 428 – 348 BCEPlatoFounder of the Academy; theory of FormsGreek Philosophers
- c. 412 – 323 BCEDiogenes of SinopeCynic philosopher who lived in a storage jarGreek Philosophers
