Chiến tranh
1911–1912 military campaign
The Kert campaign (Spanish: campaña del Kert) was a conflict in northern Morocco between the colonial power of Spain and the indigenous Riffian harkas led by Mohammed Ameziane, who had called for a jihad against the Spanish occupation in the eastern Rif. It took place between 1911 and 1912.
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The Kert campaign (Spanish: campaña del Kert) was a conflict in northern Morocco between the colonial power of Spain and the indigenous Riffian harkas led by Mohammed Ameziane, who had called for a jihad against the Spanish occupation in the eastern Rif. It took place between 1911 and 1912.
The campaign saw the introduction of the tropas regulares indígenas ("native regular troops"), created by Dámaso Berenguer on 30 June 1911.
The campaign followed a revolt initiated by Mohammed Ameziane, caïd of Segangan, who had called for a jihad and had attacked both Spanish and tribes friendly to them. After an attack on a group of Spanish military personnel undertaking topographic works at a position near Ishafen (near the river Kert) the Spanish campaign formally started on 24 August. A Spanish column had been however already shot on 30 June.
Following a visit to Melilla, Spanish War Minister Agustín Luque took control of the operations on 7 October, and the struggles brought numerous losses to both sides, 64 death and 204 wounded on the Spanish side. On 14 October 1911 General Salvador Díaz Ordóñez was killed in action and a column commanded by General Navarro had 33 deaths and 105 wounded.
The Spanish forces took the position of Al Aaroui (Monte Arruit) on 18 January 1912.
The Spanish ended the campaign following the killing of Ameziane by native regulares on 15 May 1912. Si Mohammed Bourhayl replaced him but surrendered soon after. The Spanish losses by that time amounted to about 500 killed and 1,900 wounded. The Spanish control line was extended to the Kert River and the new boundaries for the Spanish-occupied territory entailed the annexation of the Berber cabiles of Aith Sidel and Aith Bouyafar.
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