Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties Between States and International Organizations or Between International Organizations (21 March 1986)

The Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties Between States and International Organizations or Between International Organizations (VCLTIO) is an extension of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties which deals with treaties between states. It was developed by the International Law Commission and opened for signature on 21 March 1986.

Article 85 of the Convention provides that it enters into force after ratification or accession by 35 states. As of October 2026, the treaty has been ratified or acceded to by 34 states. As a result, the convention is not in force.

Parties to the convention

34 states have ratified or acceded to the convention: Mexico, Colombia, Argentina, Uruguay, Senegal, Liberia, Gabon, Australia, United Kingdom, Denmark, Sweden, Estonia, Belarus, Moldova, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Greece, Spain, Germany, Netherlands, Belgium, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Italy, Austria, Croatia, Hungary, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Malta, Albania, Portugal, Palestine and Brazil.

Additionally, there are 12 international organizations that issued formal confirmations of the convention: IAEA, ICAO, Interpol, ILO, IMO, OPCW, CTBTO Preparatory Commission, the UN, UNIDO, UPU, WHO and WIPO.

The signatory states that have not ratified are: Ivory Coast, DR Congo, United States, Bosnia and Herzegovina, South Korea, Japan, Serbia, Montenegro, Morocco, Egypt, Sudan, Burkina Faso, Benin, Zambia, and Malawi. Additionally, there are international organizations that have signed, but not completed their formal confirmation procedures: CoE, FAO, ITU, UNESCO and WMO.

Text from the Wikipedia article “Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties Between States and International Organizations or Between International Organizations”, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Article 85 of the Convention provides that it enters into force after ratification or accession by 35 states. As of June 2025, the treaty has been ratified or acceded to by 33 states. As a result, the convention is not yet in force.

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Text from the Wikipedia article “Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties Between States and International Organizations or Between International Organizations”, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties Between States and International Organizations or Between International Organizations

Parties to the convention

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Parties to the convention