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Founding
Founding of Kano State
state of Nigeria
- 27 May 1967
- Kano
- Sub-Saharan Africa
Founding
state of Nigeria
Fetching the article from Wikipedia…
Kano State ⓘ (Hausa: Jihar Kano جِهَرْ كَنُوَ), one of the 36 states of Nigeria, is in the north of the country. In the 2006 national census, Kano State was the most populous state in Nigeria. Created in 1967 from the former Northern Region, Kano State shares borders with Katsina State on the northwest, Jigawa State on the northeast, Bauchi State on the southeast, and Kaduna State on the southwest. The state capital is Kano, Nigeria's largest city after Lagos. Its governor is Abba Kabir Yusuf, who was sworn in on 29 May 2023.
Two major ethnic groups, the Hausa and Fulani, make up most of Kano State's population. Like most parts of northern Nigeria, Hausa is the state's dominant language. Kano State has faced attacks by the Islamist terrorist group Boko Haram, inter-religious violence, and extreme poverty. The state observes Sharia law within the legal framework of the Nigerian constitution.
Kano State was the site of a number of kingdoms and empires which included the Kingdom of Kano, centred on Dalla Hill (Hausa: Dutsen Dala) from to 1000 to 1349 CE. In 1349, the Sultanate of Kano was established when Yaji I converted to Islam and became its first sultan. Kurmi Market, which opened in 1463, helped the city of Kano become a centre of commercial activity in Hausaland. The market remains open, and its historic importance is reflected in the state's nickname: Centre of Commerce.
During the 16th and 17th centuries, the Sultanate of Kano became one of the most powerful Hausa Kingdoms. After the 1804–1808 Fulani jihad, the Kano Emirate replaced the former sultanate. Emir Ibrahim Dabo made a number of administrative reforms to increase commerce in the region. Leaders encouraged traders to move from Katsina, capitalising on raids from the Hausa Sultanate of Maradi.
The British Empire conquered the Kano Emirate in 1903, incorporating it into the Northern Nigeria Protectorate. The major ethnic groups in pre-colonial Kano were the Hausa, Fulani, Barebari (Kanuri), Tuareg, Arabs, and Nupe. Most people in Kano speak Hausa as a first language, and some identify as ethnically Hausa.
Kano State has a diverse economy, establishing itself as a centre of industry, agriculture, and Islamic banking. The state was created on 27 May 1967, and part of it became Jigawa State in 1991.
The rainfall in Kano State varies, with drought and near-drought conditions during the 1970s and 1980s. Moisture conditions improved from the 1990s to 2015, but rainfall still fluctuated. Since 2015, there has been an increase in rainfall. According to a Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET) report, rainfall averages 897.7 mm (35.34 in).
NIMET issued a flood warning for some states, including Kano, during the first quarter of 2022. Their warning was based on the amount and distribution of nationwide rainfall during the rainy season. According to the Kano State Emergency Management Agency (SEMA), 25 local government districts experienced flooding.
Kano's temperature has risen significantly since the 1960s. The state's annual diurnal temperature is between 26 and 30 °C (79 and 86 °F), and humidity ranges from 17 to 90 percent.
Kano has a number of large markets, including Kurmi Market, Kantin Kwari Market, Sabon Gari Market, Dawanau Market, Kofar Wanbai Market, Galadima Market, Yankura Market and Bata Market. Many markets specialise in certain products such as textiles or grain. Since the 19th century, the dye industry has contributed to Kano's economy.
Subsistence and commercial agriculture are primarily practised in the state's outlying districts. Food crops include millet, cowpeas, sorghum, maize and rice for local consumption, and groundnuts and cotton are produced for export and industry. During the colonial period and several years after the country's independence, the groundnuts produced in the state constituted one of the major sources of revenue of the country. Kano State is a major producer of hides and skins, sesame, soybeans, cotton, garlic, gum arabic and chili peppers. A 2018 study of Tudun Wada found that temperature and rainfall were likely to increase with climate change (placing increased stress on crops), and would require adaptation of agricultural practices.
Kano State is Nigeria's second-largest industrial centre, after Lagos State, and the largest in northern Nigeria. Industries include textiles, tanning, footwear, cosmetics, plastics, enamelware, pharmaceuticals, ceramics, furniture, agricultural implements, soft drinks, food and beverages, dairy products, vegetable oil, and animal feed. Kano is the centre of a growing Islamic banking industry in Nigeria.
Tourist attractions in the state include:
Kano State has a variety of natural resources, including the minerals cassiterite, copper, gemstones, glass sand, lead, zinc and tantalite.
Kano is on the 1067 mm Cape-gauge Western Railway line from Lagos via Kaduna to Jigawa State (rehabilitated in 2013), with a double-track standard-gauge line proposed in 2025.
Mallam Aminu Kano International Airport, built in 1936, is the headquarters of Kabo Air, Azman Airlines and Max Air.
Kano State has five universities: one federal university, one regimented federal university, two state universities, and one private university.
Kano State has 44 local government areas (LGAs).
According to the 2006 census, Kano State had a population of 9,401,288. Based on National Bureau of Statistics data, Kano is Nigeria's most populous state; Lagos State is second. The state is primarily inhabited by Hausa and Fulani people.
The state's official languages are Hausa and Fulfulde.
The capital city is Kano. Kano's state government is led by an elected governor who works closely with the state House of Assembly. Like all state governors, they are elected with a modified two-round system. To be elected in the first round, a candidate must receive a plurality of the vote and over 25 percent of the vote in at least two-thirds of the state's LGAs. If no candidate reaches this threshold, a second round of voting is held between the two highest-ranking candidates.
Text from the Wikipedia article “Kano State”, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.