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city in Azerbaijan
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Quba (Azerbaijani pronunciation: [guba]) is a city and the administrative centre of the Quba District of Azerbaijan. The city lies on the northeastern slopes of Shahdag mountain, at an altitude of 600 metres (2,000 ft) above sea level, on the right bank of the Kudyal River. In 2023, the city's population was 47,200. It is 168 km from the capital of Azerbaijan, Baku.
Quba was mentioned in works of various European geographers, in ancient Arabic and Albanian sources. The castle built by the ruler Anushiravan in the 11th century was called "Bade-Firuz Qubat", and in the Arabic sources of the 12th century Quba was mentioned as "Cuba". In the 13th century, in the Dictionary of Geographical names of Arabian scientist Hamabi, it was mentioned as Kubba, and in the sources of 16th century Quba was referred to as "Dome".
Guba (Quba) city originated from the riverside village of Gudial. In the mid-18th century, after moving his residence from Khudat, Hussain Ali became Quba's Khan (tribal Turkic Muslim ruler) and raised fortress walls around the city. He thereafter attempted to create a state separate from other Caucasian khanates. The position of the Quba khanate grew stronger during the reign of Fatali Khan (1758–1789), son of Hussain Ali Khan.
Nevertheless, Quba Khanate, like other Transcaucasian khanates, was occupied by Czarist Russia in the early 19th century and formally annexed to the Russian Empire under the agreement of 1813. After the rehabilitation, Quba was included in the Derbent province in 1840 and then in the Kuba Uyezd of the Baku Governorate in 1860.
Alexandre Dumas, Russian orientalist Berezin, the writer Bestuzhev-Marlinsky, the Norwegian scholar and adventurer Thor Heyerdahl visited Quba at the time.
Quba is a center of carpet weaving industry. The carpet "Golu Chichi" was woven in Quba in 1712; it has been exhibited at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City.
Quba has a humid subtropical climate (Cfa) according to the Köppen climate classification.
The officially registered population of Quba in 2010 was 38,150. The majority of the population is Azerbaijanis, while Tats and Lezgians constitute other minorities. The city's suburb of Qırmızı Qəsəbə (formerly in Russian: Красная Слобода, Krasnaya Sloboda; literally "Red Town") is home to the country's largest community of Mountain Jews and one of the largest Jewish populations in the former Soviet Union.
Quba has enjoyed strong economic growth over the last decade, much of it spurred by tourism and the construction industry.
There are 155 educational facilities in Quba: 135 schools, 15 preschools, and 5 out-of-school child education training facilities. Out of 135 schools, 27 are primary schools, 43 are high schools that provide nine years of education, and 65 provide eleven years of education. In January 2017 these schools hosted 24,620 students.
Quba's cuisine has largely been affected by its multicultural history. Quba's signature cuisine includes Quba tıxması, spicy kebab, sac, Quba baklava and tandir kebab.
Quba is twinned with the following cities:
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