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Heineken N.V. (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɦɛinəkə(n)]), branded as The Heineken Company, is a Dutch multinational brewing company, founded in 1864 by Gerard Adriaan Heineken in Amsterdam. As of 2019, Heineken owns over 165 breweries in more than 70 countries. It produces 348 international, regional, local, and speciality beers and ciders, and employs approximately 85,000 people.
With an annual beer production of 24.14 billion litres in 2019, and global revenues of €23.894 billion in 2019, Heineken N.V. is the number one brewer in Europe and one of the largest brewers by volume in the world. Heineken's Dutch breweries are located in Zoeterwoude, 's-Hertogenbosch, and Wijlre. The original brewery in Amsterdam, closed in 1988, is preserved as a museum called the Heineken Experience.
Since the merger between the two largest brewing empires in the world, Anheuser-Busch InBev and SABMiller, in October 2016, Heineken has been the second-largest brewer in the world.
The Heineken company was founded in 1864 when the 22-year-old Gerard Adriaan Heineken bought a brewery known as De Hooiberg (the haystack) in Amsterdam. In 1868, the brewery is transferred from the Nieuwezijds Achterburgwal to the Stadhouderskade. In 1869, Heineken hired the experienced Bavarian brewer Wilhelm Feltmann, and switched to the use of bottom-fermenting yeast. In 1873 the brewery's name changed to Heineken's Bierbrouwerij Maatschappij (HBM), and opened a second brewery d’Oranjeboom (the Orange Tree) in Rotterdam in 1874. In 1886 Dr. H. Elion, a pupil of the French chemist Louis Pasteur, developed the "Heineken A-yeast" in the Heineken laboratory. This yeast is still the key ingredient of Heineken beer.
The founder's son, Henry Pierre Heineken, managed the company from 1917 to 1940, and continued involvement with the company until 1951. During his tenure, Heineken developed techniques to maintain consistent beer quality during large-scale production.
After World War I, the company focused more and more on exports. Three days after Prohibition ended in the United States, the first Heineken shipment landed in New York. From that day on, Heineken has remained one of the most successful imported beer brands in the United States.
On 1 June 1941, Henry Pierre's son, Alfred Henry "Freddy" Heineken, entered the service of the Heineken company, which by then was no longer owned by the family. Freddy bought back stock several years later, to ensure the family controlled the company again, and in 1971 was appointed chairman of the executive board. He was a powerful force behind Heineken's continued global expansion, and while he retired from the executive board in 1989, he maintained involvement with the company until his death in 2002.
During this period, Heineken tried to increase its stock price by purchasing competing breweries and closing them down. After World War II, many small breweries were bought or closed. In 1968 Heineken merged with its biggest competitor, Amstel, and in 1975 opened a new brewery in Zoeterwoude. The Amstel brewery was closed in 1980, and its production moved to Zoeterwoude and Den Bosch.
Since mid-2007, Heineken has taken ownership of former S&N International brands such as Strongbow and Bulmers ciders, and John Smith's and Newcastle Brown Ale beers. With the part acquisition of Scottish and Newcastle in 2007/08, Heineken became the third-largest brewer based on revenues, behind the Belgian-Brazilian AB InBev and the British-South African SABMiller. Heineken owns the Czech brand Dačický, which was brewed in Kutná Hora from 1573 until Heineken took ownership of it and closed the brewery in 2009.
In October 2016, following the merger between Anheuser-Busch InBev and SABMiller, Heineken became the second largest brewer in the world.
On 12 January 2010, Heineken International successfully bought the brewery division of Mexican giant FEMSA in an all-stock deal, expanding its reach throughout Latin America. The deal brought brands such as Dos Equis, Sol, Tecate, Indio, Bohemia, and Kloster. Following the deal, Heineken started selling its products in Latin America through FEMSA's distribution network. The deal made FEMSA 20% owner of Heineken N.V. essentially becoming its largest single shareholder, after the Dutch Heineken and Hoyer families, who owns 25.83% and public shareholders owning 54.17%. The FEMSA acquisition is expected to keep Heineken in its strong position by growing its market share in the Latin American markets. FEMSA has a massive distribution network and owns Mexico's largest convenience store chain OXXO, which has thousands of locations throughout the country.
In September 2014, it was announced that Heineken would sell its Mexican packaging business Empaque to Crown for around €956M. Also during that month, Heineken revealed it was in talks to sell its Czech operations to Molson Coors.
On 10 September 2015, Heineken International announced it would acquire a 50% stake in Lagunitas Brewing Company of Petaluma in California as part of an effort to allow it (Lagunitas) to expand its operations globally. As part of the deal, Lagunitas would no longer be considered a craft brewer as the Heineken stake was greater than 25%.
In January 2017, Heineken announced it was in negotiations to buy the Kirin Company's 12 breweries in Brazil. The following month, Heineken closed the deal and bought Brasil Kirin for €664 million.
On 4 May 2017, after previously acquiring 50% of Lagunitas Brewing Company, Heineken announced it would be purchasing the remaining 50% making it the sole owner of Lagunitas.
In 2018, Heineken signed an agreement with China Resources Enterprises to purchase a 40% stake into the company.
In June 2018, Heineken named Maggie Timoney as the CEO of Heineken USA, making her the first woman to become the CEO of a major United States beer supplier.
In June 2021, Heineken's stake in United Breweries of India increased to 61.5%, ultimately taking control of the company.
In April 2023, Heineken completed the acquisition of Distell and Namibia Breweries.
In May 2023, Heineken N.V. bought back €333M in shares from FEMSA. FEMSA would no longer hold any shares in Heineken N.V. and Heineken Holding N.V. other than the Heineken Holding N.V. shares underlying the exchangeable bond.
In August 2023, Heineken announced the sale of assets in Russia to the Arnest Group for €1 plus a €100M commitment to repay domestic debt.
In 2025, Heineken acquired a minority stake in the energy drink brand Tenzing, its first investment into the energy drink space.
In June 2026, the company announce that Rafael Oliveria would become its new chairman/CEO on October 1, 2026.
Heineken organises the company into five territories which are then divided into regional operations. The regions are: Western Europe, Central and Eastern Europe, The Americas, Asia Pacific and Africa and the Middle East. These territories contain 115 brewing plants in more than 65 countries, brewing local brands in addition to the Heineken brand.
The executive team of the company consists of the following people:
Heineken's brewing plants have been designed and engineered in 4 main parts of the world.
Heineken has 23 operating companies in Europe:
Heineken has 9 operating companies in the Americas:
Heineken has 15 operating companies in Asia Pacific:
Heineken has 18 operating companies in Africa and the Middle East. These include:
Heineken International owns a worldwide portfolio of over 170 beer brands, mainly pale lager, though some other beer styles are produced. The two largest international brands are Heineken and Amstel; though the portfolio includes Birra Moretti, Edelweiss, Lagunitas, Sol, Desperados, and Tiger. Other regional brands include Affligem, Gösser and Sagres in Europe, Dos Equis, Red Stripe and Tecate in Americas, Bintang, Kingfisher and South Pacific Export in Asia-Pacific.
The shares of Heineken N.V are traded on the NYSE Euronext Amsterdam and OTCQX under the symbols: HEIA and HEINY respectively. As at May 2023, the shareholding in the group's stock was as depicted in the table below:
The key trends of Heineken are (as at the financial year ending 31 December):
Sales in 2024 by geographic area:
Heineken's main advertising slogan in the UK was "Refreshes the parts other beers cannot reach", some of which featured voice-over narration by Danish comedian/pianist Victor Borge. The British TV campaign ran for over 30 years – stopping in 2005. From March 2011 they have been advertising using the song 'The Golden Age' by The Asteroids Galaxy Tour. After the success of The Entrance, a web advert (4M views in YouTube), Heineken launched The Date in May 2011.
In March 2017 in Amsterdam, Heineken opened a pop-up bakery for five days to promote the yeast used in its brewing. The bread was made by Mark Plaating, and proceeds were donated to a local baking guild.
Heineken sponsors several sporting events. The Heineken Cup was an annual rugby union knock-out competition involving leading club, regional and provincial teams from the Six Nations: England, France, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, and Italy. Heineken was the title sponsor from the cup's inaugural tournament in 1995–96, until the tournament ceased in 2014 and was replaced by the European Rugby Champions Cup. Heineken continued its sponsorship of European Club Rugby as the principle partner of the European Rugby Champions Cup returning to title sponsorship of the Champions Cup from 2018–19. They have been credited as the Founding Partner of European Rugby.
Heineken has been an integral partner of the UEFA Champions League since 2005, with a theme of "Enjoyed together around the world."
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