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Ancient Egyptian dynasty (947–713 BC)
The Twenty-second Dynasty was an Ancient Egyptian dynasty of 947–713 BC, during the Third Intermediate Period. The dynasty was founded by Shoshenq I, who was of ancient Libyan origin. It is also known as the Bubastite Dynasty as the pharaohs originally ruled from the city of Bubastis.
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Text from the Wikipedia article “Twenty-second Dynasty of Egypt”, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
The Twenty-second Dynasty was an Ancient Egyptian dynasty of 947–713 BC, during the Third Intermediate Period. The dynasty was founded by Shoshenq I, who was of ancient Libyan origin. It is also known as the Bubastite Dynasty as the pharaohs originally ruled from the city of Bubastis.
The pharaohs of the Twenty-second Dynasty were a series of Meshwesh (ancient Libyan tribe) chieftains, who ruled from c. 947 BC until 713 BC. They had settled in Egypt since the Twentieth Dynasty and were known in Egypt as the 'Great Chiefs of the Ma' (Ma being a synonym of Meshwesh). Manetho states that this Egyptianized ancient Libyan dynasty first ruled over Bubastis, but its rulers almost certainly governed from Tanis, which was their capital and the city where their tombs have been excavated.
Another pharaoh who belongs to this group is Tutkheperre Shoshenq. His period of rule within this dynasty is currently uncertain, although he is now thought to have governed Egypt early in the 9th century BC for a short time between Osorkon I and Takelot I. The next ruler at Tanis after Shoshenq V was Osorkon IV. This pharaoh is sometimes not believed to be a member of the 22nd Dynasty since he only controlled a small portion of Lower Egypt together with Tefnakhte of Sais, whose authority was recognised at Memphis—and Iuput II of Leontopolis.
The known rulers during the Twenty-second Dynasty include:
The rise to power of the Twenty-second dynasty and its founder Sheshqonq, a Libyan Berber king of the Meshwesh tribe abbreviated as Ma by ancient Egyptians according to Egyptologists, is remembered as year 0 of the Berber calendar celebrated by the Berber New Year each year: the Yennayer. The character is known as Ouchachnaq, hero of a Kabyle tale, "Sheshqonq and Mira", but is also mentioned in an ancient Berber nursery rhyme from the region under the name of Ouchnaq.
Twenty-third Dynasty
The so-called Twenty-third Dynasty was an offshoot of this dynasty perhaps based in Upper Egypt, though there is much debate concerning this issue. All of its kings reigned in Middle and Upper Egypt including the Western Desert Oases.
Text from the Wikipedia article “Twenty-second Dynasty of Egypt”, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.