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city in Bryansk Oblast, Russia
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Novozybkov (Russian: Новозы́бков; Belarusian: Навазыбкаў) is a historical town in Bryansk Oblast, Russia with a population, in 2021, of 38,680.
The city is home to a branch of the Bryansk State University.
It was founded in 1701 and was granted town status in 1809.
Novozybkov was a major hemp supplier in the 18th and 19th centuries, particularly for the production of ropes for the Imperial Russian Navy. Following the Crimean War, the demand for hemp fell, and cultivation stopped altogether at the beginning of the 20th century.
During World War II, Novozybkov was occupied by the German Army from 16 August 1941 to 25 September 1943. The Jewish population of Novozybkov, about 10% of the total population, were reported to have been rounded up and executed in Karkhovskiy Forest.
On April 26, 1986, Novozybkovsky District and the neighbouring Krasnogorsky District were contaminated with radioactive fallout from the Chernobyl disaster. Today, these two areas remain the most contaminated in the Russian Federation as to the total contaminated area and the intensity of contamination (curies per km2). The area not suitable for human habitation (more than 40 Ci/km2 (1.5 MBq/m2)) starts at 1 km west of Novozybkov city limits.
As a result of the Chernobyl disaster on April 26, 1986, part of the territory of Bryansk Oblast has been contaminated with radionuclides (mainly Gordeyevsky, Klimovsky, Klintsovsky, Krasnogorsky, Surazhsky, and Novozybkovsky Districts). In 1999, some 226,000 people lived in areas with the contamination level above 5 Ci/km2 (0.19 MBq/m2), representing approximately 16% of the oblast's population.
The population of Novozybkov was 38,680 (2021 census); 40,553 (2010 census); 43,038 (2002 census); 44,854 (1989 Soviet census).
The population is in decline, with an average annual loss of 207 people between 1989 and 2021.
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Novozybkov serves as the administrative center of Novozybkovsky District, even though it is not a part of it.
As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as Novozybkovsky Urban Administrative Okrug—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.
As a municipal division, Novozybkovsky Urban Administrative Okrug is incorporated as Novozybkov Urban Okrug.
Text from the Wikipedia article “Novozybkov”, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.