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Meshchovsk (Russian: Мещо́вск) is a town and the administrative center of Meshchovsky District in Kaluga Oblast, Russia, located on the Tureya River 85 kilometers (53 mi) southwest of Kaluga, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 3,810 (2021 census); 4,100 (2010 census); 4,540 (2002 census); 5,382 (1989 Soviet census).
It was first mentioned in Russian chronicles in connection with the Mongol invasion of Rus' in 1238. During the Middle Ages it was the patrimony of Princes Mezetsky.
Catherine the Great granted it town rights in 1776.
During World War II, Meshchovsk was occupied by the German Army from October 7, 1941, to January 7, 1942.
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Meshchovsk serves as the administrative center of Meshchovsky District, to which it is directly subordinated. As a municipal division, the town of Meshchovsk, together with forty-eight rural localities, is incorporated within Meshchovsky Municipal District as Meshchovsk Urban Settlement.
Notable buildings include the old (1678–1696) and new (1829–1854) Orthodox cathedrals, both dedicated to the feast of the Annunciation.
It was the birthplace in 1846 of Vyacheslav von Plehve, the German-descended director of the Imperial Russian Police and later Minister of the Interior.
Text from the Wikipedia article “Meshchovsk”, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.