Construction

Chí Hòa entrenched camp built

Sent south as commander of the Gia Định front, Nguyễn Tri Phương built the Chí Hòa (Kỳ Hòa) lines, then the largest system of forts in Vietnam, to guard the northwest of Saigon–Chợ Lớn against the Franco-Spanish force. The French stormed it in February 1861.

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