Schematic plan · World War II (European Theater)

Battle of Bowling Alley II

16 February 1944
Italy
Victory for Germany

A schematic plan, generated from the statistics of the CAA Database of Battles: the armies' size and width, the hours of fighting, the plan of attack and the outcome are as recorded; the ground and the positions are not.

Germany (Ger Lxxvi Pnz Corps (-), 15,736 men under Gen Mackenson) attacked USA (US 179th Inf (-)(+), 45th Id, 5,050 men under Col Kammerer) in Italy. The CAA Database of Battles records 24 hours of fighting on a front of 2.4 km, a frontal attack against prepared defense and fortified defense, and that Germany won. Losses: Germany 613 (4%), USA 750 (15%).

This plan is generated from those figures. It shows the shape of the battle the database describes: the size and width of the armies, the plan of attack and the outcome. It does not show where the units actually stood.

The armies

Germany

Gen Mackenson

Unit	Arm	Men
Germany left wing	Infantry	3,345
Germany centre	Infantry	4,460
Germany right wing	Infantry	3,345
Germany reserve	Infantry	2,787
Germany artillery (100 guns)	Artillery	1,500
Germany armour (60 tanks)	Armour	300
Gen Mackenson	Commander	—
In this plan		15,737

USA

Col Kammerer

Unit	Arm	Men
USA left wing	Infantry	1,000
USA centre	Infantry	1,334
USA right wing	Infantry	1,000
USA reserve	Infantry	834
USA artillery (70 guns)	Artillery	758
USA armour (25 tanks)	Armour	125
Col Kammerer	Commander	—
In this plan		5,051

What the sources report

	Germany	USA
Strength, this plan	15,736	5,050
Losses, this plan	613	750

In the CAA Database of Battles

CDB90 no. 610, “Bowling Alley Ii”, compiled for the US Army to study what decides battles. These are the figures a what-if engine can be calibrated against.

Fighting: 24 hours
Winner: the attacker
Terrain: Flat, Bare
Weather: Dry, Sunny, Temperate, Winter, Temperate
Defender’s posture: Prepared defense, Fortified defense
Front width: 2.4 km (attacker), 2.4 km (defender)

Force	Strength	Losses	Horse	Guns	Plan and outcome
Germanyattacker	15,736	613	0	100	Frontal attack; Repulse; Penetration; Stalemate
USAdefender	5,050	750	0	70	Defensive plan; Withdrew with heavy losses; Repulse; Stalemate

Attacker’s advantages momentum +1 · initiative +1 · surprise +2

CDB90 (US Army Concepts Analysis Agency, 1990), tidy edition by Jeffrey B. Arnold; data under ODC-BY 1.0.

Notes

On this reconstruction

Generated automatically from the statistics in CDB90. Frontages, depths, distances, the order of events and the terrain are schematic: they follow the recorded strengths, front widths, hours of fighting, tactical plan and outcome, not maps or accounts of the battle. The sources give no hours; the timing is conjectural.

Sources

US Army Concepts Analysis Agency; tidy edition by Jeffrey B. Arnold, CAA Database of Battles (CDB90), no. 610 · ODC-BY-1.0Strengths, losses, front widths, hours of fighting, tactics and outcome.

Facts gathered from Wikidata (CC0), Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0) and Wikimedia Commons (licence per file); the plan and its text are timeastra’s own.