Schematic plan · World War II (Italy 1944)

Battle of Campoleone

26 May 1944
Italy
Draw

A schematic plan, generated from the statistics of the CAA Database of Battles: the armies' size and width, the hours of fighting, the plan of attack and the outcome are as recorded; the ground and the positions are not.

USA (US 45th Inf Div(+), 19,047 men under Mg Eagles) attacked Germany (Ger 65th Inf Div, 10,593 men under Mg Ziehlberg) in Italy. The CAA Database of Battles records 48 hours of fighting on a front of 6.5 km, a frontal attack against fortified defense, and that neither side won. Losses: USA 517 (3%), Germany 580 (5%).

This plan is generated from those figures. It shows the shape of the battle the database describes: the size and width of the armies, the plan of attack and the outcome. It does not show where the units actually stood.

The armies

USA

Mg Eagles

Unit	Arm	Men
USA left wing	Infantry	4,100
USA centre	Infantry	5,466
USA right wing	Infantry	4,100
USA reserve	Infantry	3,416
USA artillery (97 guns)	Artillery	1,455
USA armour (102 tanks)	Armour	510
Mg Eagles	Commander	—
In this plan		19,047

Germany

Mg Ziehlberg

Unit	Arm	Men
Germany left wing	Infantry	2,138
Germany centre	Infantry	2,851
Germany right wing	Infantry	2,138
Germany reserve	Infantry	1,782
Germany artillery (106 guns)	Artillery	1,589
Germany armour (19 tanks)	Armour	95
Mg Ziehlberg	Commander	—
In this plan		10,593

What the sources report

	USA	Germany
Strength, this plan	19,047	10,593
Losses, this plan	517	580

In the CAA Database of Battles

CDB90 no. 448, “Campoleone”, compiled for the US Army to study what decides battles. These are the figures a what-if engine can be calibrated against.

Fighting: 48 hours
Winner: the draw
Terrain: Rolling, Mixed
Weather: Dry, Sunny, Temperate, Spring, Temperate
Defender’s posture: Fortified defense
Front width: 6.5 km (attacker), 6.5 km (defender)

Force	Strength	Losses	Horse	Guns	Plan and outcome
USAattacker	19,047	517	0	97	Frontal attack; Penetration; Repulse; Stalemate
Germanydefender	10,593	580	0	106	Defensive/offensive plan; Frontal attack; Stalemate

Attacker’s advantages initiative +1 · air superiority +1

CDB90 (US Army Concepts Analysis Agency, 1990), tidy edition by Jeffrey B. Arnold; data under ODC-BY 1.0.

Notes

On this reconstruction

Generated automatically from the statistics in CDB90. Frontages, depths, distances, the order of events and the terrain are schematic: they follow the recorded strengths, front widths, hours of fighting, tactical plan and outcome, not maps or accounts of the battle. The sources give no hours; the timing is conjectural.

Sources

US Army Concepts Analysis Agency; tidy edition by Jeffrey B. Arnold, CAA Database of Battles (CDB90), no. 448 · ODC-BY-1.0Strengths, losses, front widths, hours of fighting, tactics and outcome.

Facts gathered from Wikidata (CC0), Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0) and Wikimedia Commons (licence per file); the plan and its text are timeastra’s own.